0704-883-0675     |      dataprojectng@gmail.com

PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES ON THE STEM-BARK OF FICUS KAMERUNENSIS WARB. (MORACEAE)

  • Project Research
  • 1-5 Chapters
  • Abstract : Available
  • Table of Content: Available
  • Reference Style: APA
  • Recommended for : Student Researchers
  • NGN 5000

ABSTRACT

Ficus kamerunensis is an epiphytic shrub or tree growing up to 20 m high. The plant used in ethnomedicine to treat microbial infections such as sexually transmitted infections. Pharmacognostic studies were conducted on the fresh and dried whole stem-bark of F. kamerunensis. The quantitative physical standards were carried out. Preliminary phytochemical screenings of the powdered stem bark of the plant were conducted using appropriate chemical reagents. The powdered stem bark (1 kg) of the plant was extracted using cold maceration technique with 3 L of 95% methanol in a glass jar for 3 days (72 hours) at room temperature, then partitioned with diethylether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Thin-layer chromatography was carried out using diethyl ether fraction to obtain the best solvent system to be used for column chromatography. A combination of column chromatography and preparative thin layer Chromatography using Column chromatography were carried out using the best solvent system obtained (Hexane: Ethyl acetate 7:3) for compound isolation. The structure of the isolated compound was determined by the analysis of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 2D NMR spectral data, as well as comparison with reported data. Antimicrobial evaluations of the stem-bark of the plant were carried out for diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and 95% methanol extract at different concentrations (50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.125 mg/ml) and tested against four Gram-positive bacteria—Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyrogenes, MRSA, and Neisseria gonorrheae, and four Gram-negative bacteria—Corynebacterium ulcerans, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Proteusmirabilis as well as four fungi— Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida stellatoidea and Candida tropicalis. Mc-farland’s turbidity standard scale (number 0.5) was used to standardize the test micro organisms. Agar Diffusion method was used to screen the extracts while the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) as well as minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations (MBC/MFC) were determined using broth dilution method.The acute viii toxicity studies (LD50) was carried out using Lorke method. Phytochemical screening of the powdered stem-bark of Ficus kamerunensis reveals the presence of carbohydrates, anthraquinones, saponins, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. Physicochemical studies showed moisture content, total ash acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, alcohol extractive and water extractive values of 11.7, 8.8 1.7, 3.7, 10.4 and 18.4 % respectively. Antimicrobial evaluation shows that the extracts have activity against E. coli, Candida albican, Candida stellatodea, Corynebacterium ulcerans, MRSA, Neisseria gonorrhea, Pseudomonas aeroginosa Staphylococcus aureus while Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Proteus mirabilis and Streptococcus pyrogens were resistant to the tested extracts. Known compound (pentacyclic triterpene) α-amyrin acetate was isolated and characterized from the diethyl ether fraction of the methanol extract of the plant material.




FIND OTHER RELATED TOPICS


Related Project Materials

The Effect of Case-Based Learning on Students' Problem-Solving Abilities in Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe

Background of the Study

Case-Based Learning (CBL) is an instructional method that uses real-life or simulated clinical...

Read more
An assessment of rural banking service delivery models in agricultural finance: a case study of Guaranty Trust Bank

Background of the Study
Efficient service delivery models are essential for ensuring that rural agricultural communities c...

Read more
The Effectiveness of Public Relations on the Fight Against Desertification: A Study of Damaturu LGA, Yobe State

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

THE NEXUS BETWEEN DEMOCRACY AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF BUHARI ADMINISTRATION (2015-2019)

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to examine the nexus between democracy and its relation to national...

Read more
An Examination of Healthcare Facility Distribution and Its Impact on Health Outcomes in Katsina State

Background of the Study

The equitable distribution of healthcare facilities is a crucial factor in ensuring quality health outcomes in an...

Read more
An Examination of the Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Mental Health Among Women in Zamfara State

Background of the Study

Socioeconomic status (SES) is a critical determinant of heal...

Read more
The Impact of Online News Portals on Resident Perceptions: A Study of Lafia Local Government Area, Nasarawa State

Background of the Study

The rise of online news portals has revolutionized how people access and consume information, pa...

Read more
PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTIVENIN STUDIES ON LEAVES OF SECURINEGA VIROSA (ROXB EX WILLD) BAILL

ABSTRACT

7 Securinega virosa (Roxb ex Willd) Baill (Euphorbiaceae) is a small, deciduous, graceful shrub that is widely distributed in Af...

Read more
NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF Panicum maximum (Jacq.) ENSILED WITH TWO CULTIVARS OF Lablab purpureus (Lablab purpureus L.) FOR WEST AFRICAN DWARF RAM

ABSTRACT

Panicum maximum, a grass which is low in Crude Protein (CP), high in fibre and scarce in dry periods. Common legumes are used to...

Read more
An Evaluation of the Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Political Reforms in Gombe LGA, Gombe State: A Case Study of Infrastructure Development

Background of the Study

Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have become an essential tool for fostering economic growth a...

Read more
Share this page with your friends




whatsapp